https://docs.saltstack.com/en/latest/contents.html

1 [root@salt100 ~]# salt '*' test.ping
2 salt02:
3     True
4 salt100:
5     True
6 salt03:
7     True
8 salt01:
9     True

 1 # Match all minions:
 2 salt '*' test.ping
 3 
 4 # Match all minions in the example.net domain or any of the example domains:
 5 salt '*.example.net' test.ping
 6 salt '*.example.*' test.ping
 7 
 8 # Match all the 「webN」 minions in the example.net domain (web1.example.net, web2.example.net … webN.example.net):
 9 salt 'web?.example.net' test.ping
10 
11 # Match the 「web1」 through 「web5」 minions:
12 salt 'web[1-5]' test.ping
13 
14 # Match the 「web1」 and 「web3」 minions:
15 salt 'web[1,3]' test.ping
16 
17 # Match the 「web-x」, 「web-y」, and 「web-z」 minions:
18 salt 'web-[x-z]' test.ping

https://blog.csdn.net/woshizhangliang999/article/details/46859161

1 # Match both 「web1-prod」 and 「web1-devel」 minions:
2 salt -E 'web1-(prod|devel)' test.ping

1 base:
2   'web1-(prod|devel)':
3   - match: pcre  # 使用正则匹配
4   - webserver

salt -L 'web1,web2,web3' test.ping  

1 # For example, the following matches all CentOS minions:
2 salt -G 'os:CentOS' test.ping
3 
4 # Match all minions with 64-bit CPUs, and return number of CPU cores for each matching minion:
5 salt -G 'cpuarch:x86_64' grains.item num_cpus

 1 [root@salt100 ~]# salt -G 'ip_interfaces:eth0' test.ping
 2 salt01:
 3     True
 4 salt02:
 5     True
 6 salt03:
 7     True
 8 salt100:
 9     True
10 [root@salt100 ~]# salt -G 'ip_interfaces:eth0:*11*' test.ping
11 salt01:
12     True

1 # 具体匹配
2 salt -I 'somekey:specialvalue' test.ping

1 [root@salt100 ~]# salt -I 'level1:level2:my_user:*zhang*' test.ping 
2 salt03:
3     True
4 salt02:
5     True

1 # Minions can easily be matched based on IP address, or by subnet
2 salt -S 172.16.1.11 test.ping     # 具体地址
3 salt -S 172.16.1.0/24 test.ping   # 网段
4 salt -S fe80::20c:29ff:fe95:1b7a test.ping  # IPv 6 具体配置
5 salt -S 2001:db8::/64 test.ping             # IPv 6 网段配置

1 # Ipcidr matching can also be used in compound matches
2 salt -C 'S@10.0.0.0/24 and G@os:Debian' test.ping

1 '172.16.0.0/12':
2    - match: ipcidr  # 匹配方式
3    - internal

 1 # the following string matches all 「Debian minions」 with a hostname that begins with 「webserv」, as well as any minions that have a hostname which matches the regular expression 「web-dc1-srv.* 」:
 2 salt -C 'webserv* and G@os:Debian or E@web-dc1-srv.*' test.ping
 3 
 4 # Excluding a minion based on its ID is also possible:
 5 salt -C 'not web-dc1-srv' test.ping
 6 
 7 # Versions prior to 2015.8.0 a leading 「not」 was not supported in compound matches. Instead, something like the following was required:
 8 salt -C '* and not G@kernel:Darwin' test.ping
 9 
10 # Excluding a minion based on its ID was also possible:
11 salt -C '* and not web-dc1-srv' test.ping

1 base:
2   'webserv* and G@os:Debian or E@web-dc1-srv.*':
3     - match: compound  # 复合匹配
4     - webserver

1 # 可以使用括号实现优先匹配
2 # 一定要注意括号和目标之间需要「空格」。不遵守此规则可能导致错误的目标!
3 salt -C '( ms-1 or G@id:ms-3 ) and G@id:ms-3' test.ping

1 # 默认为 「:」 改为其他字符分割
2 salt -C 'J|@foo|bar|^foo:bar$ or J!@gitrepo!https://github.com:example/project.git' test.ping

 1 [root@salt100 ~]# salt -C 'G@os:redhat03' test.ping
 2 salt01:
 3     True
 4 [root@salt100 ~]# 
 5 [root@salt100 ~]# salt -C 'G|@os|redhat03' test.ping  # 将分隔符从「:」 改为「|」
 6 salt01:
 7     True
 8 [root@salt100 ~]# salt -C 'G!@os!redhat03' test.ping  #将分隔符从「:」 改为「!」
 9 salt01:
10     True
11 [root@salt100 ~]# salt -C 'G!@os!redhat03 or salt02' test.ping 
12 salt02:
13     True
14 salt01:
15     True

 1 [root@salt-master-7 ~]# salt '*' pillar.item getos
 2 10.0.0.112:
 3     ----------
 4     getos:
 5         ----------
 6         apache:
 7             httpd
 8         git:
 9             git
10 172.16.1.111:
11     ----------
12     getos:
13         ----------
14         apache:
15             apache2:kkk
16         git:
17             git-core
18 salt-master-7:
19     ----------
20     getos:
21         ----------
22         apache:
23             httpd
24         git:
25             git
26 [root@salt-master-7 ~]# salt -I 'getos:apache:apache2:kkk' test.ping
27 172.16.1.111:
28     True
29 [root@salt-master-7 ~]# salt -C 'I@getos:apache:apache2:kkk' test.ping    # 因为有 apache2:kkk ，所以在某些情况下会出现错误 
30 172.16.1.111:
31     True
32 [root@salt-master-7 ~]# 
33 [root@salt-master-7 ~]# salt -C 'I#@getos#apache#apache2:kkk' test.ping   # 表示使用 # 作为分隔符，而不是 : 
34 172.16.1.111:
35     True

1 1、当向主配置文件添加或修改节点组时，必须重新启动master，以便完全识别这些更改。
2 2、在不重启的情况下，可以使用命令行中 -N 作为目标的有限功能。

 1 # The nodegroups master config file parameter is used to define nodegroups. Here's an example nodegroup configuration within 「/etc/salt/master」:
 2 nodegroups:
 3   group1: 'L@foo.domain.com,bar.domain.com,baz.domain.com or bl*.domain.com'
 4   group2: 'G@os:Debian and foo.domain.com'
 5   group3: 'G@os:Debian and N@group1'
 6   group4:
 7     - 'G@foo:bar'
 8     - 'or'
 9     - 'G@foo:baz'
10 
11 # As of the 2017.7.0 release of Salt, group names can also be prepended with a dash【破折号】. This brings the usage in line with many other areas of Salt. For example:
12 # 组节点也可以使用 如下方式。  组名前面到破折号「-」
13 nodegroups:
14   - group1: 'L@foo.domain.com,bar.domain.com,baz.domain.com or bl*.domain.com'
15 
16 注意：
17 Nodegroups可以参考group3中看到的其他Nodegroups，确保没有循环引用。循环引用将被检测到，并导致部分扩展产生日志错误消息。
18 注意：
19     「N@」 不能在命令行和top file中使用，只能在master config 中使用

salt -N group1 test.ping

1 base:
2   group1:
3     - match: nodegroup  # 使用节点组匹配
4     - webserver

 1 # 常规的定义方式
 2 nodegroups:
 3   group1: L@host1,host2,host3
 4 
 5 # YAML 定义方式
 6 nodegroups:
 7   group1:
 8     - host1
 9     - host2
10     - host3

1 # The 「-b」 (or 「--batch-size」) option allows commands to be executed on only a specified number of minions at a time.
2 # 同一时间执行多少 minion，支持百分比和数字。  
3 salt '*' -b 10 test.ping  # 同一时间执行 10 台，完毕后执行另外 10 台，依次执行下去
4 salt '*' -b 80% test.ping  # 同一时间执行 80% 的minion 端，完毕后执行另外 80%【实际是最后的 20%】。
5 salt -G 'os:RedHat' --batch-size 25% apache.signal restart  # 
6 
7 # --batch-wait minion返回后，等待多少秒在发送命令给新的minion
8 salt '*' -b 25% --batch-wait 5 test.ping   # 第一批minion反馈后，等待 5 秒后，在发送命令给下一批的minion。