编写Django的form表单,非常类似我们在模型系统里编写一个模型。在模型中,一个字段代表数据表的一列,而form表单中的一个字段代表<form>中的一个<input>元素。
一,forms组件:
校验字段功能
针对一个实例:注册用户讲解。
模型:models.py
- class UserInfo(models.Model):
- name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
- pwd=models.CharField(max_length=32)
- email=models.EmailField()
- tel=models.CharField(max_length=32)
模板: register.html:
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>Title</title>
-
- </head>
- <body>
-
- <form action="" method="post">
- {% csrf_token %}
- <div>
- <label for="user">用户名</label>
- <p><input type="text" name="name" id="name"></p>
- </div>
- <div>
- <label for="pwd">密码</label>
- <p><input type="password" name="pwd" id="pwd"></p>
- </div>
- <div>
- <label for="r_pwd">确认密码</label>
- <p><input type="password" name="r_pwd" id="r_pwd"></p>
- </div>
- <div>
- <label for="email">邮箱</label>
- <p><input type="text" name="email" id="email"></p>
- </div>
- <input type="submit">
- </form>
-
- </body>
- </html>
视图函数:register
- # forms组件
- from django.forms import widgets
-
- wid_01=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"})
- wid_02=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"})
-
- class UserForm(forms.Form):
- name=forms.CharField(max_length=32,
- widget=wid_01
- )
- pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)
- r_pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)
- email=forms.EmailField(widget=wid_01)
- tel=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_01)
-
- def register(request):
-
- if request.method=="POST":
- form=UserForm(request.POST)
- if form.is_valid():
- print(form.cleaned_data) # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值
- else:
- print(form.cleaned_data) #
- print(form.errors) # ErrorDict : {"校验错误的字段":["错误信息",]}
- print(form.errors.get("name")) # ErrorList ["错误信息",]
- return HttpResponse("OK")
- form=UserForm()
- return render(request,"register.html",locals())
1,渲染标签功能
渲染方式1
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>Title</title>
- <!-- 最新版本的 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 -->
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">
- </head>
- <body>
- <h3>注册页面</h3>
- <div class="container">
- <div class="row">
- <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-offset-3">
-
- <form action="" method="post">
- {% csrf_token %}
- <div>
- <label for="">用户名</label>
- {{ form.name }}
- </div>
- <div>
- <label for="">密码</label>
- {{ form.pwd }}
- </div>
- <div>
- <label for="">确认密码</label>
- {{ form.r_pwd }}
- </div>
- <div>
- <label for=""> 邮箱</label>
- {{ form.email }}
- </div>
-
- <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right">
- </form>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </body>
- </html>
渲染方式2
- <form action="" method="post">
- {% csrf_token %}
-
- {% for field in form %}
- <div>
- <label for="">{{ field.label }}</label>
- {{ field }}
- </div>
- {% endfor %}
- <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right">
-
- </form>
渲染方式3
- <form action="" method="post">
- {% csrf_token %}
-
- {{ form.as_p }}
- <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right">
-
- </form>
2,显示错误与重置输入信息功能
视图
- def register(request):
-
- if request.method=="POST":
- form=UserForm(request.POST)
- if form.is_valid():
- print(form.cleaned_data) # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值
- else:
- print(form.cleaned_data) #
- print(form.errors) # ErrorDict : {"校验错误的字段":["错误信息",]}
- print(form.errors.get("name")) # ErrorList ["错误信息",]
- return render(request,"register.html",locals())
- form=UserForm()
- return render(request,"register.html",locals())
-
模板
- <form action="" method="post" novalidate>
- {% csrf_token %}
-
- {% for field in form %}
- <div>
- <label for="">{{ field.label }}</label>
- {{ field }} <span class="pull-right" style="color: red">{{ field.errors.0 }}</span>
- </div>
- {% endfor %}
- <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default">
-
- </form>
3,局部钩子与全局钩子
模板
- # forms组件
- from django.forms import widgets
-
- wid_01=widgets.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"})
- wid_02=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs={"class":"form-control"})
-
- from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
- class UserForm(forms.Form):
- name=forms.CharField(max_length=32,
- widget=wid_01
- )
- pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)
- r_pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)
- email=forms.EmailField(widget=wid_01)
- tel=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_01)
-
- # 局部钩子
- def clean_name(self):
- val=self.cleaned_data.get("name")
- if not val.isdigit():
- return val
- else:
- raise ValidationError("用户名不能是纯数字!")
-
- # 全局钩子
-
- def clean(self):
- pwd=self.cleaned_data.get("pwd")
- r_pwd=self.cleaned_data.get("r_pwd")
-
- if pwd==r_pwd:
- return self.cleaned_data
- else:
- raise ValidationError('两次密码不一致!')
-
- def register(request):
-
- if request.method=="POST":
- form=UserForm(request.POST)
- if form.is_valid():
- print(form.cleaned_data) # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值
- else:
- clean_error=form.errors.get("__all__")
-
- return render(request,"register.html",locals())
- form=UserForm()
- return render(request,"register.html",locals())
视图
- <form action="" method="post" novalidate>
- {% csrf_token %}
-
- {% for field in form %}
- <div>
- <label for="">{{ field.label }}</label>
- {{ field }}
- <span class="pull-right" style="color: red">
- {% if field.label == 'R pwd' %}
- <span>{{ clean_error.0 }}</span>
- {% endif %}
- {{ field.errors.0 }}
- </span>
- </div>
- {% endfor %}
- <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default">
-
- </form>
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持w3xue。