概述
在上面一篇 Windows Community Toolkit 4.0 - DataGrid - Overview 中,我们对 DataGrid 控件做了一个概览的介绍,今天开始我们会做进一步的详细分享。
按照概述中分析代码结构的顺序,今天我们先对 CollectionViews 文件夹中的类做详细的分析。
下面是 Windows Community Toolkit Sample App 的示例截图和 code/doc 地址:

Windows Community Toolkit Doc - DataGrid
Windows Community Toolkit Source Code - DataGrid
Namespace: Microsoft.Toolkit.Uwp.UI.Controls; Nuget: Microsoft.Toolkit.Uwp.UI.Controls.DataGrid;
开发过程
首先再来看一下 CollectionViews 文件夹的代码结构:

4 个类中,CollectionView 是 EnumerableCollectionView 和 ListCollectionView 的基类,而 CollectionViewsError 是和 DataGrid 数据源中错误的处理类,接下来我们来分别看一下:
1. CollectionView
CollectionView 类是 DataGrid 数据相关处理的基类,这个类里的处理方法和属性设置很多,同时还针对 FILTER,SORT 和 GROUP 特性做了处理,下面先来看看类中定义的属性:
- Count - 表示 DataGrid 控件数据的数量,在 OnCollectionChanged 事件处理中,非 Replace 情况下触发;
- IsEmpty - 表示 DataGrid 控件中数据是否为空,同样在 OnCollectionChanged 事件处理中,空和非空状态切换时触发;
- Culture - 表示 DataGrid 控件的区域性信息,在 Culture 变化时,包括名称,日历系统,字符排序等会发生变化;
- CurrentPosition - 表示 DataGrid 控件的当前位置,在子类的 RaiseCurrencyChanges 和 LoadSnapshot 事件中被使用;
- CurrentItem - 表示 DataGrid 控件当前选中的元素,同样在子类的 RaiseCurrencyChanges 和 LoadSnapshot 事件中被使用;
- IsCurrentBeforeFirst - 表示 DataGrid 控件中当前选中是否在首个元素之前;
- IsCurrentAfterLast - 表示 DataGrid 控件中当前选中是否在最后一个元素之后;
接下来看几个重要的方法:
1). CollectionView()
CollectionView 类的构造方法,可以看到方法中创建了监听器,对时间的 Action 调用和卸载做了定义,对于集合改变事件做了绑定,并对布尔类型的属性做了初始设置;
- public CollectionView(IEnumerable collection)
- {
- _sourceCollection = collection ?? throw new ArgumentNullException("collection");
- // forward collection change events from underlying collection to our listeners.
- INotifyCollectionChanged incc = collection as INotifyCollectionChanged;
- if (incc != null)
- {
- _sourceWeakEventListener =
- new WeakEventListener<CollectionView, object, NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs>(this)
- {
- // Call the actual collection changed event
- OnEventAction = (source, changed, arg) => OnCollectionChanged(source, arg),
- // The source doesn't exist anymore
- OnDetachAction = (listener) => incc.CollectionChanged -= _sourceWeakEventListener.OnEvent
- };
- incc.CollectionChanged += _sourceWeakEventListener.OnEvent;
- }
- _currentItem = null;
- _currentPosition = -1;
- SetFlag(CollectionViewFlags.IsCurrentBeforeFirst, _currentPosition < 0);
- SetFlag(CollectionViewFlags.IsCurrentAfterLast, _currentPosition < 0);
- SetFlag(CollectionViewFlags.CachedIsEmpty, _currentPosition < 0);
- }
2). OnCollectionChanged()
集合变化的处理,包括对变化动画的判断,当变化不是替换时,触发 count 属性变化;以及对于集合空的判断,空和为空切换时,触发 isEmpty 属性变化,前面在属性说明中我们提提到了;
- protected virtual void OnCollectionChanged(NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs args)
- {
- if (args == null)
- {
- throw new ArgumentNullException("args");
- }
- unchecked
- {
- // invalidate enumerators because of a change
- ++_timestamp;
- }
- CollectionChanged?.Invoke(this, args);
- // Collection changes change the count unless an item is being
- // replaced or moved within the collection.
- if (args.Action != NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Replace)
- {
- OnPropertyChanged(CountPropertyName);
- }
- bool isEmpty = IsEmpty;
- if (isEmpty != CheckFlag(CollectionViewFlags.CachedIsEmpty))
- {
- SetFlag(CollectionViewFlags.CachedIsEmpty, isEmpty);
- OnPropertyChanged(IsEmptyPropertyName);
- }
- }
3). SetCurrent()
根据当前选择的元素,当前位置和元素数量设置当前选中;新元素不为空时,设置 IsCurrentBeforeFirst 和 IsCurrentAfterLast 属性为 false;当集合为空时,设置两个属性为 true,设置新的选中位置为 -1;否则,根据 newPosition 的值来设置这两个属性;
- protected void SetCurrent(object newItem, int newPosition, int count)
- {
- if (newItem != null)
- {
- // non-null item implies position is within range.
- // We ignore count - it's just a placeholder
- SetFlag(CollectionViewFlags.IsCurrentBeforeFirst, false);
- SetFlag(CollectionViewFlags.IsCurrentAfterLast, false);
- }
- else if (count == 0)
- {
- // empty collection - by convention both flags are true and position is -1
- SetFlag(CollectionViewFlags.IsCurrentBeforeFirst, true);
- SetFlag(CollectionViewFlags.IsCurrentAfterLast, true);
- newPosition = -1;
- }
- else
- {
- // null item, possibly within range.
- SetFlag(CollectionViewFlags.IsCurrentBeforeFirst, newPosition < 0);
- SetFlag(CollectionViewFlags.IsCurrentAfterLast, newPosition >= count);
- }
- _currentItem = newItem;
- _currentPosition = newPosition;
- }
2. EnumerableCollectionView
该类是 CollectionView 类的子类,支持枚举类型的数据集合。下面我们主要分享它基于 CollectionView 的特殊实现部分:
1). EnumerableCollectionView()
先看看构造方法,首先根据数据源设置当前元素和位置等,绑定集合改变,属性改变和当前的改变和改变后事件;重点说一下 OnCurrentChanging 和 OnCurrentChanged 事件,分别可以在改变前做干预处理,改变后做对应处理;
- internal EnumerableCollectionView(IEnumerable source)
- : base(source)
- {
- _snapshot = new ObservableCollection<object>();
- LoadSnapshotCore(source);
- if (_snapshot.Count > 0)
- {
- SetCurrent(_snapshot[0], 0, 1);
- }
- else
- {
- SetCurrent(null, -1, 0);
- }
- // If the source doesn't raise collection change events, try to detect changes by polling the enumerator.
- _pollForChanges = !(source is INotifyCollectionChanged);
- _view = new ListCollectionView(_snapshot);
- INotifyCollectionChanged incc = _view as INotifyCollectionChanged;
- incc.CollectionChanged += new NotifyCollectionChangedEventHandler(EnumerableCollectionView_OnViewChanged);
- INotifyPropertyChanged ipc = _view as INotifyPropertyChanged;
- ipc.PropertyChanged += new PropertyChangedEventHandler(EnumerableCollectionView_OnPropertyChanged);
- _view.CurrentChanging += new CurrentChangingEventHandler(EnumerableCollectionView_OnCurrentChanging);
- _view.CurrentChanged += new EventHandler<object>(EnumerableCollectionView_OnCurrentChanged);
- }
2). ProcessCollectionChanged()
处理集合变化事件的方法,主要对改变做了 Add,Remove,Replace 和 Reset 四种情况的处理;分别看一下处理内容:
- Add - Add 操作后,对 snapshot 集合做对应变化,当新增索引 < 0 或小于当前开始索引时,加到集合开始位置,否则插入对应位置;
- Remove - Remove 操作后,在 snapshot 集合中删除对应位置的元素;
- Replace - Replace 操作后,在 snapshot 集合中替换对应位置的元素;
- Reset - Reset 操作后,对应重置 snapshot 集合;
- protected override void ProcessCollectionChanged(NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs args)
- {
- // Apply the change to the snapshot
- switch (args.Action)
- {
- case NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Add:
- if (args.NewStartingIndex < 0 || _snapshot.Count <= args.NewStartingIndex)
- { // Append
- for (int i = 0; i < args.NewItems.Count; ++i)
- {
- _snapshot.Add(args.NewItems[i]);
- }
- }
- else
- { // Insert
- for (int i = args.NewItems.Count - 1; i >= 0; --i)
- {
- _snapshot.Insert(args.NewStartingIndex, args.NewItems[i]);
- }
- }
- break;
- case NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Remove:
- if (args.OldStartingIndex < 0)
- {
- throw CollectionViewsError.EnumerableCollectionView.RemovedItemNotFound();
- }
- for (int i = args.OldItems.Count - 1, index = args.OldStartingIndex + i; i >= 0; --i, --index)
- {
- if (!object.Equals(args.OldItems[i], _snapshot[index]))
- {
- throw CollectionViewsError.CollectionView.ItemNotAtIndex("removed");
- }
- _snapshot.RemoveAt(index);
- }
- break;
- case NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Replace:
- for (int i = args.NewItems.Count - 1, index = args.NewStartingIndex + i; i >= 0; --i, --index)
- {
- if (!object.Equals(args.OldItems[i], _snapshot[index]))
- {
- throw CollectionViewsError.CollectionView.ItemNotAtIndex("replaced");
- }
- _snapshot[index] = args.NewItems[i];
- }
- break;
- case NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Reset:
- LoadSnapshot(SourceCollection);
- break;
- }
- }
3). LoadSnapshot()
加载 snapshot 方法,根据重新加载的元素集合,判断以下属性是否需要响应变化:IsCurrentAfterLast,IsCurrentBeforeFirst,CurrentPosition 和 CurrentItem。
- private void LoadSnapshot(IEnumerable source)
- {
- // Force currency off the collection (gives user a chance to save dirty information).
- OnCurrentChanging();
- // Remember the values of the scalar properties, so that we can restore
- // them and raise events after reloading the data
- object oldCurrentItem = CurrentItem;
- int oldCurrentPosition = CurrentPosition;
- bool oldIsCurrentBeforeFirst = IsCurrentBeforeFirst;
- bool oldIsCurrentAfterLast = IsCurrentAfterLast;
- // Reload the data
- LoadSnapshotCore(source);
- // Tell listeners everything has changed
- OnCollectionChanged(new NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs(NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Reset));
- OnCurrentChanged();
- if (IsCurrentAfterLast != oldIsCurrentAfterLast)
- {
- OnPropertyChanged(new PropertyChangedEventArgs(IsCurrentAfterLastPropertyName));
- }
- if (IsCurrentBeforeFirst != oldIsCurrentBeforeFirst)
- {
- OnPropertyChanged(new PropertyChangedEventArgs(IsCurrentBeforeFirstPropertyName));
- }
- if (oldCurrentPosition != CurrentPosition)
- {
- OnPropertyChanged(new PropertyChangedEventArgs(CurrentPositionPropertyName));
- }
- if (oldCurrentItem != CurrentItem)
- {
- OnPropertyChanged(new PropertyChangedEventArgs(CurrentItemPropertyName));
- }
- }
3. ListCollectionView
该类是 CollectionView 类的子类,支持列表类型的数据集合。下面我们也会主要分享它基于 CollectionView 的特殊实现部分:
1). ListCollectionView()
ListCollectionView 类的构造方法,当支持编辑行为时,需要刷新可增加,可删除,可取消编辑的判断;然后设置当前位置和元素;当支持分组时,注册分组描述,分组改变和分组依据的变化处理事件;
- public ListCollectionView(IList list) : base(list)
- {
- _internalList = list;
- #if FEATURE_IEDITABLECOLLECTIONVIEW
- RefreshCanAddNew();
- RefreshCanRemove();
- RefreshCanCancelEdit();
- #endif
- if (InternalList.Count == 0)
- {
- // don't call virtual IsEmpty in ctor
- SetCurrent(null, -1, 0);
- }
- else
- {
- SetCurrent(InternalList[0], 0, 1);
- }
- #if FEATURE_ICOLLECTIONVIEW_GROUP
- _group = new CollectionViewGroupRoot(this);
- _group.GroupDescriptionChanged += new EventHandler(OnGroupDescriptionChanged);
- ((INotifyCollectionChanged)_group).CollectionChanged += new NotifyCollectionChangedEventHandler(OnGroupChanged);
- ((INotifyCollectionChanged)_group.GroupDescriptions).CollectionChanged += new NotifyCollectionChangedEventHandler(OnGroupByChanged);
- #endif
- }
2). ProcessCollectionChangedWithAdjustedIndex()
处于集合变化和索引调整的方法,首先判断当前动作的类型:Add,Remove 或 Replace,并针对每种不同类型的操作,进行分别的处理;再对 afterLastHasChanged,beforeFirstHasChanged,currentPositionHasChanged 和 currentItemHasChanged 属性进行设置;
- private void ProcessCollectionChangedWithAdjustedIndex(EffectiveNotifyCollectionChangedAction action, object oldItem, object newItem, int adjustedOldIndex, int adjustedNewIndex)
- {
- EffectiveNotifyCollectionChangedAction effectiveAction = action;
- if (adjustedOldIndex == adjustedNewIndex && adjustedOldIndex >= 0)
- {
- effectiveAction = EffectiveNotifyCollectionChangedAction.Replace;
- }
- else if (adjustedOldIndex == -1)
- {
- if (adjustedNewIndex < 0)
- {
- if (action == EffectiveNotifyCollectionChangedAction.Add)
- {
- return;
- }
- effectiveAction = EffectiveNotifyCollectionChangedAction.Remove;
- }
- }
- else if (adjustedOldIndex < -1)
- { ... }
- else
- { ... }
- int originalCurrentPosition = CurrentPosition;
- int oldCurrentPosition = CurrentPosition;
- object oldCurrentItem = CurrentItem;
- bool oldIsCurrentAfterLast = IsCurrentAfterLast;
- bool oldIsCurrentBeforeFirst = IsCurrentBeforeFirst;
- NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs args = null, args2 = null;
- switch (effectiveAction)
- {
- case EffectiveNotifyCollectionChangedAction.Add:
- // insert into private view
- #if FEATURE_ICOLLECTIONVIEW_SORT_OR_FILTER
- #if FEATURE_IEDITABLECOLLECTIONVIEW
- // (unless it's a special item (i.e. new item))
- if (UsesLocalArray && (!IsAddingNew || !object.Equals(_newItem, newItem)))
- #else
- if (UsesLocalArray)
- #endif
- {
- InternalList.Insert(adjustedNewIndex, newItem);
- }
- #endif
- if (!IsGrouping)
- {
- AdjustCurrencyForAdd(adjustedNewIndex);
- args = new NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs(NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Add, newItem, adjustedNewIndex);
- }
- #if FEATURE_ICOLLECTIONVIEW_GROUP
- else
- {
- AddItemToGroups(newItem);
- }
- #endif
- break;
- case EffectiveNotifyCollectionChangedAction.Remove:
- ...
- case EffectiveNotifyCollectionChangedAction.Replace:
- ...
- case EffectiveNotifyCollectionChangedAction.Move:
- ...
- default:
- Debug.Assert(false, "Unexpected Effective Collection Change Action");
- break;
- }
- bool afterLastHasChanged = IsCurrentAfterLast != oldIsCurrentAfterLast;
- bool beforeFirstHasChanged = IsCurrentBeforeFirst != oldIsCurrentBeforeFirst;
- bool currentPositionHasChanged = CurrentPosition != oldCurrentPosition;
- bool currentItemHasChanged = CurrentItem != oldCurrentItem;
- oldIsCurrentAfterLast = IsCurrentAfterLast;
- oldIsCurrentBeforeFirst = IsCurrentBeforeFirst;
- oldCurrentPosition = CurrentPosition;
- oldCurrentItem = CurrentItem;
- // base class will raise an event to our listeners
- if (!IsGrouping)
- {
- Debug.Assert(!CurrentChangedMonitor.Busy, "Expected _currentChangedMonitor.Busy is false.");
- CurrentChangedMonitor.Enter();
- using (CurrentChangedMonitor)
- {
- OnCollectionChanged(args);
- if (args2 != null)
- {
- OnCollectionChanged(args2);
- }
- }
- // Any scalar properties that changed don't need a further notification,
- // but do need a new snapshot
- ...
- }
- // currency has to change after firing the deletion event,
- // so event handlers have the right picture
- if (_currentElementWasRemoved)
- {
- int oldCurPos = originalCurrentPosition;
- #if FEATURE_ICOLLECTIONVIEW_GROUP
- if (_newGroupedItem != null)
- {
- oldCurPos = IndexOf(_newGroupedItem);
- }
- #endif
- MoveCurrencyOffDeletedElement(oldCurPos);
- // changes to the scalar properties need notification
- afterLastHasChanged = afterLastHasChanged || (IsCurrentAfterLast != oldIsCurrentAfterLast);
- beforeFirstHasChanged = beforeFirstHasChanged || (IsCurrentBeforeFirst != oldIsCurrentBeforeFirst);
- currentPositionHasChanged = currentPositionHasChanged || (CurrentPosition != oldCurrentPosition);
- currentItemHasChanged = currentItemHasChanged || (CurrentItem != oldCurrentItem);
- }
- RaiseCurrencyChanges(false, currentItemHasChanged, currentPositionHasChanged, beforeFirstHasChanged, afterLastHasChanged);
- }
4. CollectionViewsError
CollectionViewsError 类中主要定义了 DataGrid 控件数据,就是 CollectionView 中的错误,我们来看一下都定义了哪些错误:
- EnumeratorVersionChanged - InvalidOperationException,“Collection was modified; enumeration operation cannot execute.”
- MemberNotAllowedDuringAddOrEdit - InvalidOperationException,"'{0}' is not allowed during an AddNew or EditItem transaction."
- NoAccessWhileChangesAreDeferred - InvalidOperationException,"This value cannot be accessed while changes are deferred."
- ItemNotAtIndex - InvalidOperationException,"The {0} item is not in the collection."
- RemovedItemNotFound - InvalidOperationException,"The removed item is not found in the source collection."
- CollectionChangedOutOfRange - InvalidOperationException,"The collection change is out of bounds of the original collection."
- AddedItemNotInCollection - InvalidOperationException,"The added item is not in the collection."
- CancelEditNotSupported - InvalidOperationException,"CancelEdit is not supported for the current edit item."
- MemberNotAllowedDuringTransaction - InvalidOperationException,"'{0}' is not allowed during a transaction started by '{1}'."
- MemberNotAllowedForView - InvalidOperationException,"'{0}' is not allowed for this view."
总结
这里我们把 DataGrid 的 CollectionView 相关类介绍完成了,作为 DataGrid 相关分享的第一篇,后面我们会继续分享 Utilities 和最重要的 DataGrid 的相关重点。
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衷心感谢 WindowsCommunityToolkit 的作者们杰出的工作,感谢每一位贡献者,Thank you so much, ALL WindowsCommunityToolkit AUTHORS !!!