用三台虚拟机搭建Hadoop全分布集群
所有的软件都装在/home/software下
虚拟机系统:centos6.5
jdk版本:1.8.0_181
zookeeper版本:3.4.7
hadoop版本:2.7.1
1.安装jdk
准备好免安装压缩包放在/home/software下
- cd /home/software
- tar -xvf jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz
配置环境变量
末尾添加
- export JAVA_HOME=/home/software/jdk1.8.0_181
- export CLASSPATH=$:CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib/
- export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
检查是否配置成功,查看jdk版本

2.关闭防火墙
- service iptables stop
- chkconfig iptables off
3.配置主机名
- vim /etc/sysconfig/network
三个节点主机名分别设置为qyws,qyws2,qyws3
- source /etc/sysconfig/network
4.改hosts文件
- 192.168.38.133 qyws
- 192.168.38.134 qyws2
- 192.168.38.135 qyws3
5.重启
6.配置免密登陆
- ssh-keygen
- ssh-copy-id root@qyws
- ssh-copy-id root@qyws2
- ssh-copy-id root@qyws3
7.解压zookeeper压缩包
- tar –xf zookeeper-3.4.7.tar.gz
8.搭建zookeeper集群
- cd /home/software/zookeeper-3.4.7/conf
- cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
- vim zoo.cfg
14 行
- dataDir=/home/software/zookeeper-3.4.7/tmp
末尾追加
- server.1=192.168.38.133:2888:3888
- server.2=192.168.38.134:2888:3888
- server.3=192.168.38.135:2888:3888
9.将配置好的zookeeper拷贝到另两个节点
- scp -r zookeeper-3.4.7 root@qyws2:/home/software/
- scp -r zookeeper-3.4.7 root@qyws3:/home/software/
10.进入zookeeper目录下创建tmp目录,新建myid文件
- cd /home/software/zookeeper-3.4.7
- mkdir tmp
- cd tmp
- vim myid
三个节点myid分别设置为1,2,3
11.解压hadoop压缩包
- tar -xvf hadoop-2.7.1_64bit.tar.gz
12.编辑hadoop-env.sh
- cd /home/software/hadoop-2.7.1/etc/hadoop
- vim hadoop-env.sh
25行
- export JAVA_HOME=/home/software/jdk1.8.0_181
33行
- export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=/home/software/hadoop-2.7.1/etc/hadoop
13.编辑core-site.xml
- <!--指定hdfs的nameservice,为整个集群起一个别名-->
- <property>
- <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
- <value>hdfs://ns</value>
- </property>
- <!--指定Hadoop数据临时存放目录-->
- <property>
- <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
- <value>/home/software/hadoop-2.7.1/tmp</value>
- </property>
- <!--指定zookeeper的存放地址-->
- <property>
- <name>ha.zookeeper.quorum</name>
- <value>qyws:2181,qyws2:2181,qyws3:2181</value>
- </property>
14.编辑hdfs-site.xml
- <!--执行hdfs的nameservice为ns,注意要和core-site.xml中的名称保持一致-->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.nameservices</name>
- <value>ns</value>
- </property>
- <!--ns集群下有两个namenode,分别为nn1, nn2-->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.ha.namenodes.ns</name>
- <value>nn1,nn2</value>
- </property>
- <!--nn1的RPC通信-->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns.nn1</name>
- <value>qyws:9000</value>
- </property>
- <!--nn1的http通信-->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns.nn1</name>
- <value>qyws:50070</value>
- </property>
- <!-- nn2的RPC通信地址 -->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.namenode.rpc-address.ns.nn2</name>
- <value>qyws2:9000</value>
- </property>
- <!-- nn2的http通信地址 -->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.namenode.http-address.ns.nn2</name>
- <value>qyws2:50070</value>
- </property>
- <!--指定namenode的元数据在JournalNode上存放的位置,这样,namenode2可以从journalnode集群里的指定位置上获取信息,达到热备效果-->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir</name>
- <value>qjournal://qyws:8485;qyws2:8485;qyws3:8485/ns</value>
- </property>
- <!-- 指定JournalNode在本地磁盘存放数据的位置 -->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.journalnode.edits.dir</name>
- <value>/home/software/hadoop-2.7.1/tmp/journal</value>
- </property>
- <!-- 开启NameNode故障时自动切换 -->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled</name>
- <value>true</value>
- </property>
- <!-- 配置失败自动切换实现方式 -->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.ns</name>
- <value>org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider</value>
- </property>
- <!-- 配置隔离机制 -->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.ha.fencing.methods</name>
- <value>sshfence</value>
- </property>
- <!-- 使用隔离机制时需要ssh免登陆 -->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files</name>
- <value>/root/.ssh/id_rsa</value>
- </property>
- <!--配置namenode存放元数据的目录,可以不配置,如果不配置则默认放到hadoop.tmp.dir下-->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
- <value>file:///home/software/hadoop-2.7.1/tmp/hdfs/name</value>
- </property>
- <!--配置datanode存放元数据的目录,可以不配置,如果不配置则默认放到hadoop.tmp.dir下-->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
- <value>file:///home/software/hadoop-2.7.1/tmp/hdfs/data</value>
- </property>
- <!--配置复本数量-->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.replication</name>
- <value>3</value>
- </property>
- <!--设置用户的操作权限,false表示关闭权限验证,任何用户都可以操作-->
- <property>
- <name>dfs.permissions</name>
- <value>false</value>
- </property>
15.编辑mapred-site.xml
- cp mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml
- vim mapred-site.xml
- <property>
- <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
- <value>yarn</value>
- </property>
16.编辑yarn-site.xml
- <!--配置yarn的高可用-->
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.enabled</name>
- <value>true</value>
- </property>
- <!--指定两个resourcemaneger的名称-->
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.ha.rm-ids</name>
- <value>rm1,rm2</value>
- </property>
- <!--配置rm1的主机-->
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm1</name>
- <value>qyws</value>
- </property>
- <!--配置rm2的主机-->
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname.rm2</name>
- <value>qyws3</value>
- </property>
- <!--开启yarn恢复机制-->
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.recovery.enabled</name>
- <value>true</value>
- </property>
- <!--执行rm恢复机制实现类-->
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.store.class</name>
- <value>org.apache.hadoop.yarn.server.resourcemanager.recovery.ZKRMStateStore</value>
- </property>
- <!--配置zookeeper的地址-->
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.zk-address</name>
- <value>qyws:2181,qyws2:2181,qyws3:2181</value>
- </property>
- <!--执行yarn集群的别名-->
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.cluster-id</name>
- <value>ns-yarn</value>
- </property>
- <!-- 指定nodemanager启动时加载server的方式为shuffle server -->
- <property>
- <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
- <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
- </property>
- <!-- 指定resourcemanager地址 -->
- <property>
- <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
- <value>qyws3</value>
- </property>
17.编辑slaves
- vim /home/software/hadoop-2.7.1/etc/hadoop/slaves
18.把配置好的hadoop拷贝到其他节点
- scp -r hadoop-2.7.1 root@qyws2:/home/software/
- scp -r hadoop-2.7.1 root@qyws3:/home/software/
19.配置环境变量
末尾添加
- export HADOOP_HOME=/home/software/hadoop-2.7.1
- export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
20.三个节点启动zookeeper
- cd /home/software/zookeeper-3.4.7/bin
- sh zkServer.sh start
查看zookeeper状态



21.格式化zookeeper(在第一个节点操作即可):
22.在每个节点启动JournalNode:
- hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
23.在第一个节点上格式化NameNode:
24.在第一个节点上启动NameNode:
- hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
25.在第二个节点上格式化NameNode:
- hdfs namenode -bootstrapStandby
26.在第二个节点上启动NameNode:
- hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
27.在三个节点上启动DataNode:
- hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode
28.在第一个节点和第二个节点上启动zkfc(FailoverController):
- hadoop-daemon.sh start zkfc
29.在第一个节点上启动Yarn:
30.在第三个节点上启动ResourceManager:
- yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager
31.查看运行的服务



32.查看第一个节点namenode
浏览器输入http://192.168.38.133:50070


查看第二个节点namenode(主备)
浏览器输入http://192.168.38.134:50070

33.访问管理页面http://192.168.38.133:8088
