Vue使用MD5对前后端进行加密的实现

来源：jb51　　时间：2022/4/7 12:49:28　　对本文有异议

前后端分离的项目，遇到了对密码进行加密的情况，在前端或者是在后端加密都是可以的。但是从用户数据的安全性来讲，前后端是都需要进行加密的。后端不加密的话，数据库中存储明文密码，就可以从数据库窃取用户密码。前端不加密的话，在异步传输的过程中，就可以获取传输的明文密码，就会导致密码泄露。当然，加密算法有很多，这里我就简单介绍一下使用MD5进行加密吧。

前端

1、在public下面新建一个MD5.js工具类
MD5 的内容：

var KEY = "!@#QWERT";
/*
 * Configurable variables. You may need to tweak these to be compatible with
 * the server-side, but the defaults work in most cases.
 */
var hexcase = 0;  /* hex output format. 0 - lowercase; 1 - uppercase        */
var b64pad  = ""; /* base-64 pad character. "=" for strict RFC compliance   */
var chrsz   = 8;  /* bits per input character. 8 - ASCII; 16 - Unicode      */
 
/*
 * These are the functions you'll usually want to call
 * They take string arguments and return either hex or base-64 encoded strings
 */
function hexMd5(s) {
    return hex_md5(s);
}
function hex_md5(s){ return binl2hex(core_md5(str2binl(s), s.length * chrsz));}
function b64_md5(s){ return binl2b64(core_md5(str2binl(s), s.length * chrsz));}
function str_md5(s){ return binl2str(core_md5(str2binl(s), s.length * chrsz));}
function hex_hmac_md5(key, data) { return binl2hex(core_hmac_md5(key, data)); }
function b64_hmac_md5(key, data) { return binl2b64(core_hmac_md5(key, data)); }
function str_hmac_md5(key, data) { return binl2str(core_hmac_md5(key, data)); }
 
/*
 * Perform a simple self-test to see if the VM is working
 */
function md5_vm_test()
{
    return hex_md5("abc") == "900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72";
}
 
/*
 * Calculate the MD5 of an array of little-endian words, and a bit length
 */
function core_md5(x, len)
{
    /* append padding */
    x[len >> 5] |= 0x80 << ((len) % 32);
    x[(((len + 64) >>> 9) << 4) + 14] = len;
 
    var a =  1732584193;
    var b = -271733879;
    var c = -1732584194;
    var d =  271733878;
 
    for(var i = 0; i < x.length; i += 16)
    {
        var olda = a;
        var oldb = b;
        var oldc = c;
        var oldd = d;
 
        a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 0], 7 , -680876936);
        d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 1], 12, -389564586);
        c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 2], 17,  606105819);
        b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 3], 22, -1044525330);
        a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 4], 7 , -176418897);
        d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 5], 12,  1200080426);
        c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 6], 17, -1473231341);
        b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 7], 22, -45705983);
        a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 8], 7 ,  1770035416);
        d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 9], 12, -1958414417);
        c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+10], 17, -42063);
        b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+11], 22, -1990404162);
        a = md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x[i+12], 7 ,  1804603682);
        d = md5_ff(d, a, b, c, x[i+13], 12, -40341101);
        c = md5_ff(c, d, a, b, x[i+14], 17, -1502002290);
        b = md5_ff(b, c, d, a, x[i+15], 22,  1236535329);
 
        a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 1], 5 , -165796510);
        d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 6], 9 , -1069501632);
        c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+11], 14,  643717713);
        b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 0], 20, -373897302);
        a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 5], 5 , -701558691);
        d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+10], 9 ,  38016083);
        c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+15], 14, -660478335);
        b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 4], 20, -405537848);
        a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 9], 5 ,  568446438);
        d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+14], 9 , -1019803690);
        c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 3], 14, -187363961);
        b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 8], 20,  1163531501);
        a = md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x[i+13], 5 , -1444681467);
        d = md5_gg(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 2], 9 , -51403784);
        c = md5_gg(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 7], 14,  1735328473);
        b = md5_gg(b, c, d, a, x[i+12], 20, -1926607734);
 
        a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 5], 4 , -378558);
        d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 8], 11, -2022574463);
        c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+11], 16,  1839030562);
        b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+14], 23, -35309556);
        a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 1], 4 , -1530992060);
        d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 4], 11,  1272893353);
        c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 7], 16, -155497632);
        b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+10], 23, -1094730640);
        a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+13], 4 ,  681279174);
        d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 0], 11, -358537222);
        c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 3], 16, -722521979);
        b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 6], 23,  76029189);
        a = md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 9], 4 , -640364487);
        d = md5_hh(d, a, b, c, x[i+12], 11, -421815835);
        c = md5_hh(c, d, a, b, x[i+15], 16,  530742520);
        b = md5_hh(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 2], 23, -995338651);
 
        a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 0], 6 , -198630844);
        d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 7], 10,  1126891415);
        c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+14], 15, -1416354905);
        b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 5], 21, -57434055);
        a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+12], 6 ,  1700485571);
        d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+ 3], 10, -1894986606);
        c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+10], 15, -1051523);
        b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 1], 21, -2054922799);
        a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 8], 6 ,  1873313359);
        d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+15], 10, -30611744);
        c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 6], 15, -1560198380);
        b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+13], 21,  1309151649);
        a = md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x[i+ 4], 6 , -145523070);
        d = md5_ii(d, a, b, c, x[i+11], 10, -1120210379);
        c = md5_ii(c, d, a, b, x[i+ 2], 15,  718787259);
        b = md5_ii(b, c, d, a, x[i+ 9], 21, -343485551);
 
        a = safe_add(a, olda);
        b = safe_add(b, oldb);
        c = safe_add(c, oldc);
        d = safe_add(d, oldd);
    }
    return Array(a, b, c, d);
 
}
 
/*
 * These functions implement the four basic operations the algorithm uses.
 */
function md5_cmn(q, a, b, x, s, t)
{
    return safe_add(bit_rol(safe_add(safe_add(a, q), safe_add(x, t)), s),b);
}
function md5_ff(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
{
    return md5_cmn((b & c) | ((~b) & d), a, b, x, s, t);
}
function md5_gg(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
{
    return md5_cmn((b & d) | (c & (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
}
function md5_hh(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
{
    return md5_cmn(b ^ c ^ d, a, b, x, s, t);
}
function md5_ii(a, b, c, d, x, s, t)
{
    return md5_cmn(c ^ (b | (~d)), a, b, x, s, t);
}
 
/*
 * Calculate the HMAC-MD5, of a key and some data
 */
function core_hmac_md5(key, data)
{
    var bkey = str2binl(key);
    if(bkey.length > 16) bkey = core_md5(bkey, key.length * chrsz);
 
    var ipad = Array(16), opad = Array(16);
    for(var i = 0; i < 16; i++)
    {
        ipad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x36363636;
        opad[i] = bkey[i] ^ 0x5C5C5C5C;
    }
 
    var hash = core_md5(ipad.concat(str2binl(data)), 512 + data.length * chrsz);
    return core_md5(opad.concat(hash), 512 + 128);
}
 
/*
 * Add integers, wrapping at 2^32. This uses 16-bit operations internally
 * to work around bugs in some JS interpreters.
 */
function safe_add(x, y)
{
    var lsw = (x & 0xFFFF) + (y & 0xFFFF);
    var msw = (x >> 16) + (y >> 16) + (lsw >> 16);
    return (msw << 16) | (lsw & 0xFFFF);
}
 
/*
 * Bitwise rotate a 32-bit number to the left.
 */
function bit_rol(num, cnt)
{
    return (num << cnt) | (num >>> (32 - cnt));
}
 
/*
 * Convert a string to an array of little-endian words
 * If chrsz is ASCII, characters >255 have their hi-byte silently ignored.
 */
function str2binl(str)
{
    var bin = Array();
    var mask = (1 << chrsz) - 1;
    for(var i = 0; i < str.length * chrsz; i += chrsz)
        bin[i>>5] |= (str.charCodeAt(i / chrsz) & mask) << (i%32);
    return bin;
}
 
/*
 * Convert an array of little-endian words to a string
 */
function binl2str(bin)
{
    var str = "";
    var mask = (1 << chrsz) - 1;
    for(var i = 0; i < bin.length * 32; i += chrsz)
        str += String.fromCharCode((bin[i>>5] >>> (i % 32)) & mask);
    return str;
}
 
/*
 * Convert an array of little-endian words to a hex string.
 */
function binl2hex(binarray)
{
    var hex_tab = hexcase ? "0123456789ABCDEF" : "0123456789abcdef";
    var str = "";
    for(var i = 0; i < binarray.length * 4; i++)
    {
        str += hex_tab.charAt((binarray[i>>2] >> ((i%4)*8+4)) & 0xF) +
            hex_tab.charAt((binarray[i>>2] >> ((i%4)*8  )) & 0xF);
    }
    return str;
}
 
/*
 * Convert an array of little-endian words to a base-64 string
 */
function binl2b64(binarray)
{
    var tab = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
    var str = "";
    for(var i = 0; i < binarray.length * 4; i += 3)
    {
        var triplet = (((binarray[i   >> 2] >> 8 * ( i   %4)) & 0xFF) << 16)
            | (((binarray[i+1 >> 2] >> 8 * ((i+1)%4)) & 0xFF) << 8 )
            |  ((binarray[i+2 >> 2] >> 8 * ((i+2)%4)) & 0xFF);
        for(var j = 0; j < 4; j++)
        {
            if(i * 8 + j * 6 > binarray.length * 32) str += b64pad;
            else str += tab.charAt((triplet >> 6*(3-j)) & 0x3F);
        }
    }
    return str;
}

2、在index.html中，引入MD5.js

<script href="<%= BASE_URL %>js/md5.js" rel="external nofollow" ></script>

3、使用方法

/**
 * 前端调用 MD5 加密算法
 * KEY 是盐值，让密码更为复杂
 */
user.value.password = hexMd5(user.value.password + KEY);

后端

spring自带MD5加密，直接引用工具类DigestUtils就可以

在这里插入图片描述

user1.setPassword(DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(user.getUserCode().getBytes()));

以下是工具类DigestUtils的源码，不需要的可以直接忽略。

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2020 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
 
package org.springframework.util;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
 
/**
 * Miscellaneous methods for calculating digests.
 *
 * <p>Mainly for internal use within the framework; consider
 * <a href="https://commons.apache.org/codec/" rel="external nofollow" >Apache Commons Codec</a>
 * for a more comprehensive suite of digest utilities.
 *
 * @author Arjen Poutsma
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @author Craig Andrews
 * @since 3.0
 */
public abstract class DigestUtils {
 
	private static final String MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME = "MD5";
 
	private static final char[] HEX_CHARS =
			{'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
 
 
	/**
	 * Calculate the MD5 digest of the given bytes.
	 * @param bytes the bytes to calculate the digest over
	 * @return the digest
	 */
	public static byte[] md5Digest(byte[] bytes) {
		return digest(MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME, bytes);
	}
 
	/**
	 * Calculate the MD5 digest of the given stream.
	 * <p>This method does <strong>not</strong> close the input stream.
	 * @param inputStream the InputStream to calculate the digest over
	 * @return the digest
	 * @since 4.2
	 */
	public static byte[] md5Digest(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
		return digest(MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME, inputStream);
	}
 
	/**
	 * Return a hexadecimal string representation of the MD5 digest of the given bytes.
	 * @param bytes the bytes to calculate the digest over
	 * @return a hexadecimal digest string
	 */
	public static String md5DigestAsHex(byte[] bytes) {
		return digestAsHexString(MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME, bytes);
	}
 
	/**
	 * Return a hexadecimal string representation of the MD5 digest of the given stream.
	 * <p>This method does <strong>not</strong> close the input stream.
	 * @param inputStream the InputStream to calculate the digest over
	 * @return a hexadecimal digest string
	 * @since 4.2
	 */
	public static String md5DigestAsHex(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
		return digestAsHexString(MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME, inputStream);
	}
 
	/**
	 * Append a hexadecimal string representation of the MD5 digest of the given
	 * bytes to the given {@link StringBuilder}.
	 * @param bytes the bytes to calculate the digest over
	 * @param builder the string builder to append the digest to
	 * @return the given string builder
	 */
	public static StringBuilder appendMd5DigestAsHex(byte[] bytes, StringBuilder builder) {
		return appendDigestAsHex(MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME, bytes, builder);
	}
 
	/**
	 * Append a hexadecimal string representation of the MD5 digest of the given
	 * inputStream to the given {@link StringBuilder}.
	 * <p>This method does <strong>not</strong> close the input stream.
	 * @param inputStream the inputStream to calculate the digest over
	 * @param builder the string builder to append the digest to
	 * @return the given string builder
	 * @since 4.2
	 */
	public static StringBuilder appendMd5DigestAsHex(InputStream inputStream, StringBuilder builder) throws IOException {
		return appendDigestAsHex(MD5_ALGORITHM_NAME, inputStream, builder);
	}
 
 
	/**
	 * Create a new {@link MessageDigest} with the given algorithm.
	 * <p>Necessary because {@code MessageDigest} is not thread-safe.
	 */
	private static MessageDigest getDigest(String algorithm) {
		try {
			return MessageDigest.getInstance(algorithm);
		}
		catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
			throw new IllegalStateException("Could not find MessageDigest with algorithm \"" + algorithm + "\"", ex);
		}
	}
 
	private static byte[] digest(String algorithm, byte[] bytes) {
		return getDigest(algorithm).digest(bytes);
	}
 
	private static byte[] digest(String algorithm, InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
		MessageDigest messageDigest = getDigest(algorithm);
		if (inputStream instanceof UpdateMessageDigestInputStream){
			((UpdateMessageDigestInputStream) inputStream).updateMessageDigest(messageDigest);
			return messageDigest.digest();
		}
		else {
			final byte[] buffer = new byte[StreamUtils.BUFFER_SIZE];
			int bytesRead = -1;
			while ((bytesRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
				messageDigest.update(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
			}
			return messageDigest.digest();
		}
	}
 
	private static String digestAsHexString(String algorithm, byte[] bytes) {
		char[] hexDigest = digestAsHexChars(algorithm, bytes);
		return new String(hexDigest);
	}
 
	private static String digestAsHexString(String algorithm, InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
		char[] hexDigest = digestAsHexChars(algorithm, inputStream);
		return new String(hexDigest);
	}
 
	private static StringBuilder appendDigestAsHex(String algorithm, byte[] bytes, StringBuilder builder) {
		char[] hexDigest = digestAsHexChars(algorithm, bytes);
		return builder.append(hexDigest);
	}
 
	private static StringBuilder appendDigestAsHex(String algorithm, InputStream inputStream, StringBuilder builder)
			throws IOException {
 
		char[] hexDigest = digestAsHexChars(algorithm, inputStream);
		return builder.append(hexDigest);
	}
 
	private static char[] digestAsHexChars(String algorithm, byte[] bytes) {
		byte[] digest = digest(algorithm, bytes);
		return encodeHex(digest);
	}
 
	private static char[] digestAsHexChars(String algorithm, InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
		byte[] digest = digest(algorithm, inputStream);
		return encodeHex(digest);
	}
 
	private static char[] encodeHex(byte[] bytes) {
		char[] chars = new char[32];
		for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i = i + 2) {
			byte b = bytes[i / 2];
			chars[i] = HEX_CHARS[(b >>> 0x4) & 0xf];
			chars[i + 1] = HEX_CHARS[b & 0xf];
		}
		return chars;
	}
 
}