在scrapy爬虫项目中经常遇到 爬取数据时报错无法及时处理 导致数据爬取不完整 只能先查看log才能发现报错
首先写一个简单的邮件发送模块
- """
- @file: emailHandler.py
- """
1 #邮件服务封装 - 2
- 3 import smtplib
- 4 from email.mime.text import MIMEText
- 5 from email.utils import formataddr
- 6
- 7 class EmailHandler(object):
- 8
- 9 def __init__(self,user,password,type = 0):
- 10 """
- 11 :param user:str 发送人邮箱地址(用户名)
- 12 :param password:str 发送人在QQ或163申请的授权码
- 13 :param type:int 0 为QQ邮箱 1 为163邮箱
- 14 """
- 15 self.__QQ = {'smtp':'smtp.qq.com','port':465}
- 16 self.__163 = {'smtp':'smtp.163.com','port':25}
- 17 self.user = user
- 18 self.password = password
- 19 if type == 0:
- 20 self.server=smtplib.SMTP_SSL (self.__QQ['smtp'],self.__QQ['port'])
- 21 self.server.login (self.user,self.password)
- 22 elif type == 1:
- 23 self.server=smtplib.SMTP_SSL (self.__163['smtp'],self.__163['port'])
- 24 self.server.login (self.user,self.password)
- 25
- 26 def send_mail(self,To,subject,content):
- 27 """
- 28 :param To:str 接收人邮箱地址
- 29 :param subject:str 邮件标题
- 30 :param content:str 邮件内容
- 31 :return:bool True 成功 False 失败
- 32 """
- 33 try:
- 34 msg = MIMEText(content,'plain','utf-8')
- 35 msg['From'] = formataddr(['spider邮件报警系统',self.user])
- 36 msg['To'] = formataddr(['',To])
- 37 msg['Subject'] = subject
- 38
- 39 self.server.sendmail(self.user,To,msg.as_string())
- 40 print("【%s】邮件发送成功"%subject)
- 41 return True
- 42 except Exception as f:
- 43 print("【%s】邮件发送失败,请检查信息"%subject)
- 44 return False
需要指定以下几个参数
- 1 #邮箱信息
- 2 MAIL_CONFIG = {
- 3 'user':'xxxxx', #邮箱账号
- 4 'password':'xxxx', #邮箱授权码
- 5 'to_add':'xxx', #要发送的邮箱地址
- 6 'mail_title':'scrapy_标题' #邮件标题
- 7 }
本项目中主要使用的 pydispatch模块 绑定信号的方式发送邮件(代码片段)
- 1 from pydispatch import dispatcher
- 2 err_spider = object()
- 3
- 4 def __init__(self):
- 5 #初始化邮件发送次数
- 6 self.mail_count = 0
- 7 dispatcher.connect(self.send_mail, signal=err_spider)
- 8 super(xxx, self).__init__()
- 9
- 10 def send_mail(self, error):
- 11 "当spider出现error时发送邮件到邮箱"
- 12 if self.mail_count < 1:
- 13 mailmanager = EmailHandler(mail_conf.get('user', ''), mail_conf.get('password', ''))
- 14 mailmanager.send_mail(mail_conf.get('to_add', ''), mail_conf.get('mail_title', ''), 'spider出现错误请及时查看\r%s' % error)
- 15 self.mail_count += 1
准备工作已经完成,接下来就是在scrapy 爬取数据出现问题时 调用这个模块向指定邮箱发送邮件(代码片段)
- #列表页数据
- def parse(self, response):
- #列表页条目
- data_lists = response.xpath('//div[@id="listbox30"]/div')
- try:
- #最后一个div是分页数据
- for data in data_lists[:-1]:
- item = WangdaitianyanItem()
- item['title'] = data.xpath('div[1]/div/div[1]/a/@title').extract_first() #标题
- log.msg('[info] 正在爬取【%s】' % (item['title']), level=log.INFO)
- item['img'] = data.xpath('div[2]/div/a/img/@data-src').extract_first() #封面图
- item['introduction'] = data.xpath('div[1]/div/div[2]/text()').extract_first() #简介
- item['source'] = data.xpath('div[1]/div/div[3]/div[1]/span[1]/a/text()').extract_first() #源
- item['release_time'] = data.xpath('div[1]/div/div[3]/div[1]/span[3]/text()').extract_first() #发布时间
- item['read_count'] = data.xpath('div[1]/div/div[3]/div[2]/span[2]/text()').extract_first() #回复数
- item['comment_count'] = data.xpath('div[1]/div/div[3]/div[2]/span[5]/text()').extract_first() #评论数
- #抓取详情页数据
- #//news.p2peye.com/article-513444-1.html
- url = data.xpath('div[1]/div/div[1]/a/@href').extract_first() #url
- yield scrapy.Request(url='http:%s'%url, callback=self.details_page, meta={'item':item})
- #分页部分
- #如果检测不到下一页 不在请求
- try:
- next_page = data_lists[-1].xpath('div/a[contains(@title,"下一页")]/@href').extract_first() #拿去下一页url
- yield scrapy.Request(url='https://news.p2peye.com%s'%next_page, callback=self.parse)
- except Exception as e:
- pass
- except Exception as e:
- #发送邮件
- dispatcher.send(signal=err_spider, error=traceback.format_exc())
当爬虫出现问题时会以邮件的形式发送到邮箱
