备忘录模式(Memento)用于保存一个对象的某个状态,以便在适当的时候恢复对象。备忘录模式属于行为型模式,主要包括源发器,备忘录以及负责人。源发器:普通类,可以创建备忘录,也可以使用备忘录恢复状态。备忘录:储存原发器内部状态,处理原发器和负责人类,备忘录不直接和其他类交互。负责人:保存备忘录,但是不对备忘录操作或检查
存档、undo 、数据库的事务管理用到了备忘录模式。本文参考以下类图,用matlab语言实现备忘录模式。

Originator.m
- classdef Originator < handle
- properties
- state
- end
- methods
- function mem = createMemento(obj)
- mem = Memento(obj.state);
- end
- function restoreMemento(obj, mem)
- obj.state = mem.state;
- end
- end
- end
Memento.m
- classdef Memento < handle & matlab.mixin.Heterogeneous
- properties
- state
- end
- methods
- function obj = Memento(state)
- obj.state = state;
- end
- end
- end
CareTaker.m
- classdef CareTaker < handle
- properties
- memento = Memento.empty();
- end
- methods
- function add(obj, mem)
- obj.memento(end + 1) = mem;
- end
- function mem = get(obj, index)
- mem = obj.memento(index);
- end
- end
- end
test.m
- originator = Originator();
- careTaker = CareTaker();
- originator.state = "State #1";
- originator.state = "State #2";
- careTaker.add(originator.createMemento());
- originator.state = "State #3";
- careTaker.add(originator.createMemento());
- originator.state = "State #4";
-
- disp("Current State: " + originator.state);
- originator.restoreMemento(careTaker.get(1));
- disp("First saved State: " + originator.state);
- originator.restoreMemento(careTaker.get(2));
- disp("Second saved State: " + originator.state);
参考资料:
https://www.runoob.com/design-pattern/memento-pattern.html
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40369829/article/details/80370606