前言
在现代工作环境中,我们经常需要向多个收件人发送个性化的邮件。通过使用Python编程语言,我们可以自动化这个过程,从Excel文件中读取收件人和相关数据,并发送定制的邮件。
首先,导入所需的库:
- import pandas as pd
- import smtplib
- from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
- from email.mime.text import MIMEText
- from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
- import os
- from email.header import Header
然后,设置发件人邮箱和密码:
- sender_email = 'your_email@example.com'
- sender_password = 'your_password'
接下来,设置SMTP服务器和端口号(根据你使用的邮件服务提供商):
- smtp_server = 'smtp.example.com'
- smtp_port = 587
创建SMTP连接并登录到邮箱:
- server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, smtp_port)
- server.starttls() # 开启TLS加密
- server.login(sender_email, sender_password)
读取原始Excel文件:
- df = pd.read_excel('path_to_excel_file.xlsx')
获取唯一的员工姓名列表:
- employee_names = df['员工姓名'].unique()
获取员工姓名和对应的邮箱地址,假设这些信息存储在一个字典中:
- employee_emails = {
- '张三': 'zhangsan@example.com',
- '李四': 'lisi@example.com',
- '王五': 'wangwu@example.com',
- # 添加更多员工和邮箱信息
- }
遍历员工数据并发送邮件:
- for employee_name in employee_names:
- employee_data = df[df['员工姓名'] == employee_name] # 创建员工的数据
- # 生成员工的 Excel 文件
- employee_data_filename = f'{employee_name}.xlsx'
- employee_data.to_excel(employee_data_filename, index=False)
- # 创建邮件
- msg = MIMEMultipart()
- msg['From'] = sender_email
- msg['To'] = employee_emails.get(employee_name, '') # 根据员工姓名获取邮箱
- msg['Subject'] = '拆分数据通知'
- body = f"尊敬的{employee_name},您的拆分数据已经准备好,请查收附件。"
- msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))
- # 添加附件
- with open(employee_data_filename, 'rb') as file:
- part = MIMEApplication(file.read(), Name=os.path.basename(employee_data_filename))
- part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=Header(os.path.basename(employee_data_filename), 'utf-8').encode())
- msg.attach(part)
- # 发送邮件
- server.sendmail(sender_email, employee_emails.get(employee_name, ''), msg.as_string())
- # 删除生成的员工数据文件
- os.remove(employee_data_filename)
- # 退出SMTP连接
- server.quit()
最后,关闭与SMTP服务器的连接。
总结
通过上述Python脚本,我们可以批量发送个性化的邮件。我们首先设置发件人邮箱和密码,然后指定SMTP服务器和端口号。接下来,我们读取包含员工信息的Excel文件,并获取唯一的员工姓名列表和对应的邮箱地址。然后,我们遍历员工数据,并为每个员工创建邮件,附带相应的附件。最后,我们通过SMTP服务器发送邮件,并在发送完成后删除生成的员工数据文件。
完整代码:
- import pandas as pd
- import smtplib
- from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
- from email.mime.text import MIMEText
- from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
- import os
- from email.header import Header
- # 设置发件人邮箱和密码
- sender_email = 'liuchunlin202205@163.com'
- sender_password = '授权码'
- # 设置SMTP服务器和端口(QQ邮箱的SMTP服务器和端口)
- smtp_server = 'smtp.163.com'
- smtp_port = 25
- # 创建SMTP连接
- server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, smtp_port)
- server.starttls() # 开启TLS加密
- # 登录邮箱
- server.login(sender_email, sender_password)
- # 读取原始 Excel 文件
- df = pd.read_excel('C:\\Users\\liuchunlin2\\Desktop\\测试数据\\员工.xlsx')
- # 获取唯一的员工姓名列表
- employee_names = df['员工姓名'].unique()
- # 获取员工姓名和对应的邮箱地址,假设这些信息存储在一个字典中
- employee_emails = {
- '刘备': '2823028760@qq.com',
- '孙权': '2823028760@qq.com',
- '曹操': '2823028760@qq.com',
- # 添加更多员工和邮箱信息
- }
- # 遍历员工数据并发送邮件
- for employee_name in employee_names:
- # 创建员工的数据
- employee_data = df[df['员工姓名'] == employee_name]
- # 生成员工的 Excel 文件
- employee_data_filename = f'{employee_name}.xlsx'
- employee_data.to_excel(employee_data_filename, index=False)
- employee_data_filename = f'{employee_name}.xlsx'
- # 创建邮件
- msg = MIMEMultipart()
- msg['From'] = sender_email
- msg['To'] = employee_emails.get(employee_name, '') # 根据员工姓名获取邮箱
- msg['Subject'] = '拆分数据通知'
- body = f"尊敬的{employee_name},您的拆分数据已经准备好,请查收附件。"
- msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))
- # 添加附件
- with open(employee_data_filename, 'rb') as file:
- part = MIMEApplication(file.read(), Name=os.path.basename(employee_data_filename))
- part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=Header(os.path.basename(employee_data_filename), 'utf-8').encode())
- msg.attach(part)
- # 发送邮件
- server.sendmail(sender_email, employee_emails.get(employee_name, ''), msg.as_string())
- # 删除生成的员工数据文件
- os.remove(employee_data_filename)
- # 退出SMTP连接
- server.quit()